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The Townsend (symbol Td) is a physical unit of the reduced electric field (ratio E/N), where is electric field and is concentration of neutral particles. It is defined by the relation For example, an electric field of in a medium with density . This unit is important in gas discharge physics, where it serves as scaling parameter because the mean energy of electrons (and therefore many other properties of discharge) is typically a function of over broad range of and . The concentration , which is in ideal gas simply related to pressure and temperature, controls the mean free path and collision frequency. The electric field governs the energy gained between two successive collisions. Reduced electric field being a scaling factor effectively means, that increasing the electric field intensity ''E'' by some factor ''q'' has the same consequences as lowering gas density ''N'' by factor ''q''. It is named after John Sealy Townsend. ==See also== *Electric glow discharge *Vacuum arc 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Townsend (unit)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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